What steps should be taken to thaw frozen food safely?

Thawing frozen food safely is crucial for preventing the growth of harmful bacteria that can lead to foodborne illnesses. The safest methods for thawing food involve maintaining a temperature that inhibits bacterial growth. Thawing in the refrigerator allows the food to defrost at a consistent, cool temperature, thereby keeping it safe. This method also helps to ensure that the food remains at a safe temperature throughout the process.

Thawing under cold running water is another safe option, as it keeps the food at a temperature conducive to preventing bacterial growth. By using cold water, the surface of the food can thaw quickly enough while maintaining a safe overall temperature.

In contrast, leaving food out on the counter overnight can expose it to temperatures that are conducive to bacterial growth, which is why it is not a safe method. Using hot water can cause parts of the food to reach unsafe temperatures while other parts may remain frozen, creating uneven defrosting that can promote bacterial growth. Cooking food directly from frozen is acceptable for some items, but it is often recommended to plan ahead for safe thawing when possible, to ensure food quality and safety are maintained.